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Home/Compounds/Goserelin
OtherFDA approvedRx required

Goserelin

Also known as: Zoladex
Brands: Zoladex

GnRH agonist used in prostate cancer, breast cancer, and endometriosis; administered as a subcutaneous implant.

A
Grade A
Multiple human RCTs
Human studies26
PubMed citations29
Routesubcutaneous
Regulatory (US)FDA approved · Rx
Last verified2 days ago

Mechanism of action

Synthetic decapeptide GnRH agonist. Continuous stimulation downregulates pituitary GnRH receptors, suppressing LH/FSH and sex steroids.

Evidence summary

26
Human studies
29
PubMed citations
25
Clinical trials
A
Evidence grade

Evidence summary in progress. See the citations section below for the underlying research papers.

Dosing protocols

Educational information only. Consult a licensed provider before using any peptide.
Administration routes
subcutaneous

Side effects & safety

From the FDA label
Source
abdominal painarthralgiaastheniaback painconstipationdiarrheadizzinessdyspepsiafatigueheadacheinsomnianauseapalpitationspruritusrashtachycardiavomiting

Terms pulled directly from the referenced source. We don't fabricate frequencies — when a label doesn't publish a percentage, we don't either.

Interactions

No documented drug interactions on file.

Regulatory status

United States
FDA approved

FDA approved for prostate cancer, breast cancer, endometriosis, and endometrial thinning (Zoladex)

Compounding
Not permitted

Not available via 503A/503B compounding pharmacies.

Regulatory data last verified 4/19/2026

Clinical trials

NCT07287098preEMBER: A Phase 2, Open-label Study Evaluating Imlunestrant in Premenopausal Women With Estrogen Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast CancerNot Yet Recruiting · Phase 2 · Breast Neoplasms · n=600NCT07450599CHINANEO: A China Phase 2, Open-Label, Randomized, Multicenter Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Darolutamide + ADT as Neo-Adjuvant Treatment for 12 Weeks vs 24 Weeks in Treatment-Naïve Participants Who Have Planned for Radical Prostatectomy (RP) With High-Risk Localized Prostate CancerNot Yet Recruiting · Phase 2 · High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer · n=250NCT05827081A Phase IIIb Study to Characterize the Efficacy and Safety of Adjuvant Ribociclib Plus Endocrine Therapy in a Close-to-clinical Practice Patient Population With HR+ HER2- Early Breast Cancer (Adjuvant WIDER)Recruiting · Phase 3 · Early Breast Cancer · n=1400NCT02346253A Phase I/II Study of High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy as Monotherapy for Prostate CancerActive Not Recruiting · N/A · Prostate Adenocarcinoma · n=146NCT04557059A Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter, Open-label Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Adding Apalutamide to Radiotherapy and LHRH Agonist in High-Risk Patients With Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer, Assessed by PSMA-PET With an Observational CohortActive Not Recruiting · Phase 3 · Prostatic Neoplasms · n=693NCT04325828An Open-label Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Apalutamide in Combination With Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) Agonist in Subjects With Locally Advanced or Recurrent/Metastatic and Androgen Receptor (AR) Expressing Salivary Gland CarcinomaActive Not Recruiting · Phase 2 · Salivary Gland Neoplasms · n=31NCT03361735A Phase 2 Trial of Radium Ra 223 Dichloride in Combination With Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Patients With Oligometastatic Castration Sensitive Prostate CancerActive Not Recruiting · Phase 2 · Prostate Adenocarcinoma · n=25NCT05694819Phase II Study of Darolutamide (ODM-201) in Patients With Androgen Receptor-positive Salivary Gland Carcinoma (Discovary Study)Completed · Phase 2 · Salivary Gland Cancer · n=57NCT05050084Parallel Phase III Randomized Trials of Genomic-Risk Stratified Unfavorable Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer: De-Intensification and Intensification Clinical Trial Evaluation (GUIDANCE)Active Not Recruiting · Phase 3 · Prostate Adenocarcinoma · n=2050NCT04787744Veterans Affairs Seamless Phase II/III Randomized Trial of STAndard Systemic theRapy With or Without PET-directed Local Therapy for OligoRecurrenT Prostate Cancer (VA STARPORT)Recruiting · Phase 2 · Prostate Cancer · n=464NCT07516704Safety and Efficacy of Docetaxel, Darolutamide, and Homoharringtonine Combined With Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Neoadjuvant Treatment of High-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective, Single-Arm Clinical StudyNot Yet Recruiting · Phase 1 · Prostate Cancer · n=94NCT04513717Parallel Phase III Randomized Trials for High Risk Prostate Cancer Evaluating De-Intensification for Lower Genomic Risk and Intensification of Concurrent Therapy for Higher Genomic Risk With Radiation (PREDICT-RT*)Active Not Recruiting · Phase 3 · Prostate Adenocarcinoma · n=2753

Showing 12 of 25 indexed studies. View all on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Citations

PMID 37408443Taguchi S, Onozawa M et al. · A multicenter, retrospective observational study investigating baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes in patients with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy.Japanese journal of clinical oncology (2026)HumanPMID 40397835McCann KE, Kaklamani V et al. · Treatment Patterns of Goserelin 3.6 mg Once Every 4 Weeks and 10.8 mg Once Every 12 Weeks in Women With Breast Cancer: A Real-World Analysis of Patients in the United States.JCO oncology practice (2026)HumanPMID 39860490Manfrini O, Cenko E et al. · Anticancer-Drug-Related Cardiotoxicity from Adjuvant Goserelin and Tamoxifen Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine (2025)PMID 40814439Wang Y, Wang X et al. · Real-world effectiveness of goserelin 10.8-mg compared to goserelin 3.6-mg in premenopausal and perimenopausal Chinese patients with hormone receptor positive breast cancer: a cohort study.Journal of the National Cancer Center (2025)PMID 39975513Chen N, Audi Blotta D et al. · Efficacy of goserelin in ovarian function suppression and preservation for pre- and perimenopausal breast cancer patients: a systematic review.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology (2025)PMID 40223114Liang Y, Xiao T et al. · Comparative analysis of the clinical efficacy of conservative treatment for adenomyosis using traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.Journal of health, population, and nutrition (2025)HumanPMID 39304797Weijers JAM, Verhaegh GW et al. · A randomized phase II trial on the addition of dutasteride to combined androgen blockade therapy versus combined androgen blockade therapy alone in patients with advanced or metastatic salivary duct carcinoma - the DUCT study protocol.BMC cancer (2024)HumanPMID 39195297LeVasseur N, Manna M et al. · An Overview of Long-Acting GnRH Agonists in Premenopausal Breast Cancer Patients: Survivorship Challenges and Management.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) (2024)HumanPMID 36563705Sun H, Yuan M et al. · Clinical efficacy and safety of trimonthly administration of goserelin acetate 10.8 mg in premenopausal Chinese females with symptomatic adenomyosis: a prospective cohort study.Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology (2023)HumanPMID 37380737Kovács Z, Reidy F et al. · N-glycans from serum IgG and total serum glycoproteins specific for endometriosis.Scientific reports (2023)HumanPMID 35538801Fan Cheng K, VanPatten S et al. · Azapeptides -A History of Synthetic Milestones and Key Examples.Current medicinal chemistry (2022)HumanPMID 29438592Bolton EM, Lynch T · Are all gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists equivalent for the treatment of prostate cancer? A systematic review.BJU international (2019)HumanPMID 22264299Cheng TF, Wang JD et al. · Cost-utility analysis of adjuvant goserelin (Zoladex) and adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal women with breast cancer.BMC cancer (2012)HumanPMID 22370427Bundred N · Antiresorptive therapies in oncology and their effects on cancer progression.Cancer treatment reviews (2012)HumanPMID 16392882Cheer SM, Plosker GL et al. · Goserelin: a review of its use in the treatment of early breast cancer in premenopausal and perimenopausal women.Drugs (2006)HumanPMID 16111461Rody A, Loibl S et al. · Use of goserelin in the treatment of breast cancer.Expert review of anticancer therapy (2006)HumanPMID 12472366Gommersall LM, Hayne D et al. · Luteinising hormone releasing hormone analogues in the treatment of prostate cancer.Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy (2003)HumanPMID 11900209Jonat W · Goserelin (Zoladex)--its role in early breast cancer in pre- and perimenopausal women.British journal of cancer (2002)HumanPMID 12355959Tsukagoshi S · [A new LH-RH agonist for treatment of prostate cancer, 3-month controlled-release formulation of goserelin acetate (Zoladex LA 10.8 mg depot)--outline of pre-clinical and clinical studies].Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy (2002)HumanPMID 10898353Pritchard KI · Current and future directions in medical therapy for breast carcinoma: endocrine treatment.Cancer (2000)Human

Showing 20 of 29 papers. View all on PubMed →