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Home/Compounds/Noopept
Cognitive

Noopept

Also known as: GVS-111 · N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester

Synthetic dipeptide nootropic approved as a prescription drug in Russia; not FDA approved or recognized as a dietary supplement.

C
Grade C
Animal studies only
Human studies13
PubMed citations30
Routeoral
Regulatory (US)Research only
Last verified2 days ago

Mechanism of action

Proline-glycine dipeptide ester. Proposed cholinergic modulation and facilitation of BDNF / NGF expression. Active metabolite is cycloprolylglycine (CPG), an endogenous dipeptide.

Evidence summary

13
Human studies
30
PubMed citations
0
Clinical trials
C
Evidence grade

Evidence summary in progress. See the citations section below for the underlying research papers.

Dosing protocols

Educational information only. Consult a licensed provider before using any peptide.
Administration routes
oral

Side effects & safety

No FDA label or editorial side-effect profile is on file for this compound yet. See the clinical trials and citations sections for study-reported safety data.

Interactions

No documented drug interactions on file.

Regulatory status

United States
Not FDA approved

Not FDA approved. Approved in Russia. FDA has treated it as an unapproved drug; not a legal dietary-supplement ingredient.

Compounding
Not permitted

Not available via 503A/503B compounding pharmacies.

Regulatory data last verified 4/19/2026

Clinical trials

No indexed ClinicalTrials.gov studies for Noopept. This usually means the compound isn't being studied under an IND — check the citations section for peer-reviewed research instead.

Citations

PMID 36614135Dagda RK, Dagda RY et al. · Intranasal Administration of Forskolin and Noopept Reverses Parkinsonian Pathology in PINK1 Knockout Rats.International journal of molecular sciences (2023)HumanPMID 36195298Kondratenko RV, Povarov IS et al. · Effect of nootropic dipeptide noopept on CA1 pyramidal neurons involves α7AChRs on interneurons in hippocampal slices from rat.Neuroscience letters (2022)PMID 34241806Düzova H, Nazıroğlu M et al. · Noopept Attenuates Diabetes-Mediated Neuropathic Pain and Oxidative Hippocampal Neurotoxicity via Inhibition of TRPV1 Channel in Rats.Molecular neurobiology (2022)HumanPMID 30378564Boyko SS, Zherdev VP et al. · [Pharmacokinetics of noopept and its active metabolite cycloprolyl glycine in rats].Biomeditsinskaia khimiia (2019)PMID 31356906Gürbüz P, Düzova H et al. · Effects of noopept on cognitive functions and pubertal process in rats with diabetes.Life sciences (2019)PMID 30295186Gudasheva TA, Ostrovskaya RU et al. · Novel Technologies for Dipeptide Drugs Design and their Implantation.Current pharmaceutical design (2019)HumanPMID 25096780Ostrovskaya RU, Vakhitova YV et al. · Neuroprotective effect of novel cognitive enhancer noopept on AD-related cellular model involves the attenuation of apoptosis and tau hyperphosphorylation.Journal of biomedical science (2015)HumanPMID 22500312Amelin AV, Iliukhina AIu et al. · [Noopept in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment in patients with stroke].Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (2012)HumanPMID 19565831Mordyk AV, Lysov AV et al. · [Prevention of neuro- and cardiotoxic side effects of tuberculosis chemotherapy with noopept].Klinicheskaia meditsina (2009)HumanPMID 19240853Ostrovskaya RU, Gudasheva TA et al. · Noopept stimulates the expression of NGF and BDNF in rat hippocampus.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2009)PMID 19253467Chutko LS, Surushkina SIu et al. · [The using of noopept in treatment of neurasthenia].Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (2009)HumanPMID 19529857Zarubina IV, Shabanov PD · Noopept reduces the postischemic functional and metabolic disorders in the brain of rats with different sensitivity to hypoxia.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2009)PMID 19008801Bochkarev VK, Teleshova ES et al. · [Clinical and electroencephalographic characteristic of noopept in patients with mild cognitive impairment of posttraumatic and vascular origin].Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (2009)HumanPMID 18256750Kovalenko LP, Shipaeva EV et al. · Immunopharmacological properties of noopept.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2008)PMID 18318195Shabanov PD, Ganapol'skiĭ VP et al. · [Meteoadaptogenic properties of peptide drugs in healthy volunteers].Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia (2008)HumanPMID 17369939Uyanaev AA, Fisenko VP · Studies of long-term noopept and afobazol treatment in rats with learned helplessness neurosis.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2007)PMID 17092975Ostrovskaya RU, Gruden MA et al. · The nootropic and neuroprotective proline-containing dipeptide noopept restores spatial memory and increases immunoreactivity to amyloid in an Alzheimer's disease model.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) (2007)PMID 16995431Gavrilova SA, Us KS et al. · [Neuroprotective activity of the proline-containing dipeptide noopept on the model of brain ischemia induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion].Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia (2006)PMID 16395422Bayés M, Rabasseda X et al. · Gateways to clinical trials.Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology (2006)HumanPMID 16277202Bobkova NV, Gruden' MA et al. · [Noopept improves the spatial memory and stimulates prefibrillar beta-amyloid(25-35) antibody production in mice].Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia (2005)

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