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Home/Compounds/Thymalin
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Thymalin

Also known as: Thymic Factor · Thymus Extract

Thymic peptide complex that modulates immune function and may support longevity.

B
Grade B
Human observational studies
Human studies21
PubMed citations30
Typical dose10 mg – 20 mg
Routeintramuscular, subcutaneous
Regulatory (US)Compounding legal
Last verified4 days ago
TL;DR · 30-second summary
  • Restores T-cell function in elderly
  • May reduce mortality in long-term studies
  • Immune system rejuvenation
  • Approved in Russia for immunodeficiency

Mechanism of action

Extract of thymic peptides that restores T-cell function and immune regulation. May rejuvenate aged immune systems and has been studied for anti-aging effects.

Evidence summary

21
Human studies
30
PubMed citations
0
Clinical trials
B
Evidence grade

Russian studies show immune enhancement and potential longevity benefits. Used clinically in Russia/Eastern Europe. Limited Western research.

Dosing protocols

Educational information only. Consult a licensed provider before using any peptide.
Dose range
10 mg – 20 mg

10-20mg daily for 10 days, repeated 1-2x yearly. Often combined with epithalon.

Administration routes
intramuscularsubcutaneous

Side effects & safety

Reported side effects
Generally well toleratedInjection site reactions
Contraindications
  • Autoimmune diseases
  • Organ transplant recipients

Interactions

No documented drug interactions on file.

Regulatory status

United States
Not FDA approved

Not FDA approved. Available as research peptide.

Compounding
Permitted

Available through compounding pharmacies with valid prescription.

Regulatory data last verified 4/17/2026

Clinical trials

No indexed ClinicalTrials.gov studies for Thymalin. This usually means the compound isn't being studied under an IND — check the citations section for peer-reviewed research instead.

Citations

PMID 38431810Boiko AA, Malanchuk VA et al. · Reparative osteogenesis in mandible in cases of filling a bone defect with hydroxyapatite-containing osteotropic material and injecting the surrounding soft tissues with thymalin: experimental and morphological study.Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960) (2024)HumanPMID 37686182Linkova N, Khavinson V et al. · The Influence of KE and EW Dipeptides in the Composition of the Thymalin Drug on Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Involved in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences (2023)HumanPMID 34126909Tursi A, Picchio M et al. · Effectiveness and Safety of A Nutraceutical Formulation for the Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia in Primary Care.Reviews on recent clinical trials (2021)HumanPMID 32362097Pinelis IS, Pinelis YI et al. · [Age features of bioregulatory therapy of dental diseases.].Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii (2020)HumanPMID 18476235Dardenne M, Pleau JM · Interactions between zinc and thymulin.Metal-based drugs (2011)HumanPMID 17238981Ernst E, Schmidt K et al. · Complementary/Alternative therapies for the treatment of breast cancer. A systematic review of randomized clinical trials and a critique of current terminology.The breast journal (2007)HumanPMID 15605441Belokrylov GA, Derevnina OY et al. · Immuno-, phagocytosis-modulating, and antitoxic properties of amino acids and peptide preparations.Drug development and industrial pharmacy (2005)PMID 15794467Obmińiska-Mrukowicz B, Szczypka M · Effect of calf thymus extract and zinc supplementation on the cellular response of mice exposed to restraint stress.Polish journal of veterinary sciences (2005)PMID 14592444Yasuda J, Nishioka W et al. · Suppressor mechanism of serum thymic factor on tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis in the mouse pancreatic beta-cell line.Biochemical and biophysical research communications (2004)PMID 14523363Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG · Peptides of pineal gland and thymus prolong human life.Neuro endocrinology letters (2004)HumanPMID 12577695Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG · [Geroprotective effect of thymalin and epithalamin].Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii (2003)HumanPMID 12374906Khavinson VKh · Peptides and Ageing.Neuro endocrinology letters (2003)HumanPMID 9637345Morozov VG, Khavinson VK · Natural and synthetic thymic peptides as therapeutics for immune dysfunction.International journal of immunopharmacology (1998)HumanPMID 9161687Seiki K, Sakabe K · Sex hormones and the thymus in relation to thymocyte proliferation and maturation.Archives of histology and cytology (1997)PMID 8770555Kendall MD · Hemopoiesis in the thymus.Developmental immunology (1996)HumanPMID 8191521Kazantseva IA, Bikbulatov RM · [Thymalin in the treatment of herpetic stomatitis in children].Stomatologiia (1994)HumanPMID 1841551Dworniak D, Tchórzewski H et al. · Treatment with thymic extract TFX for chronic active hepatitis B.Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis (1992)HumanPMID 2184190Mocchegiani E, Amadio L et al. · Neuroendocrine-thymus interactions. I. In vitro modulation of thymic factor secretion by thyroid hormones.Journal of endocrinological investigation (1990)PMID 2657248Skotnicki AB · Therapeutic application of calf thymus extract (TFX).Medical oncology and tumor pharmacotherapy (1989)HumanPMID 3299294Solinger AM · Indications for immunotherapy.Pharmacotherapy (1987)Human

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