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Thymogen

Also known as: Thymogenum · Glu-Trp dipeptide

Synthetic dipeptide derived from thymopoietin studied as an immunomodulator; approved in Russia.

C
Grade C
Animal studies only
Human studies19
PubMed citations30
Routeintranasal, intramuscular
Regulatory (US)Research only
Last verified2 days ago

Mechanism of action

Dipeptide (L-glutamyl-L-tryptophan). Proposed immunomodulatory effects on T-cell populations and cytokine profile.

Evidence summary

19
Human studies
30
PubMed citations
0
Clinical trials
C
Evidence grade

Evidence summary in progress. See the citations section below for the underlying research papers.

Dosing protocols

Educational information only. Consult a licensed provider before using any peptide.
Administration routes
intranasalintramuscular

Side effects & safety

No FDA label or editorial side-effect profile is on file for this compound yet. See the clinical trials and citations sections for study-reported safety data.

Interactions

No documented drug interactions on file.

Regulatory status

United States
Not FDA approved

Not FDA approved. Approved in Russia. Research peptide in US.

Compounding
Not permitted

Not available via 503A/503B compounding pharmacies.

Regulatory data last verified 4/19/2026

Clinical trials

No indexed ClinicalTrials.gov studies for Thymogen. This usually means the compound isn't being studied under an IND — check the citations section for peer-reviewed research instead.

Citations

PMID 40442470Chulanova AA, Smakhtina AM et al. · Hepatoprotective Effects of Thymogen Analogues in Hydrazine Hepatopathy in Rats.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2025)PMID 38732260Deigin V, Linkova N et al. · The First Reciprocal Activities of Chiral Peptide Pharmaceuticals: Thymogen and Thymodepressin, as Examples.International journal of molecular sciences (2024)HumanPMID 37861903Chulanova AA, Smakhtin MY et al. · Reparative and Antioxidant Effects of New Analogues of Immunomodulator Thymogen in Experimental Model of Liver Damage.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2023)HumanPMID 35408963Avolio F, Martinotti S et al. · Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage THP-1 Cell Line.International journal of molecular sciences (2022)HumanPMID 32362097Pinelis IS, Pinelis YI et al. · [Age features of bioregulatory therapy of dental diseases.].Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii (2020)HumanPMID 12687147Nesterova IV · Modern Immunotherapy in Clinical Medicine: Present and Future.Russian journal of immunology : RJI : official journal of Russian Society of Immunology (2019)PMID 27455576Govsh EV, Podsevatkin VG et al. · [THE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF ANXYOLYTIC, ANTIOXIDANT, IMMUNOCORRECTOR AND HYPERBARIC OXYGENATION ON THE DYNAMICS OF MAIN BLOOD GAS AND ELECTROLYTE INDICES AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE IN EXPERIMENTAL STRESS MODEL].Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia (2016)PMID 24003726Khavinson VKh, Kuznik BI et al. · [Peptide bioregulators: the new class of geroprotectors. Message 2. Clinical studies results].Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii (2013)HumanPMID 20517227Podsevatkin VG, Kiriukhina SV · [Possibilities of the application of antioxidants and antihypoxants in a complex therapy of obsessive conditions in different mental disorders].Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (2010)HumanPMID 18365736Kolobov AA, Kolodkin NI et al. · [Interaction of the synthetic immunomodulatory dipeptide bestim with murine macrophages and thymocytes].Bioorganicheskaia khimiia (2008)HumanPMID 18365482Podsevatkin VG, Kiriukhina SV et al. · [Dynamics of the behavioral response and cortisole level caused by the combined action of mexidole, diazepam, thymogen, and hyperbaric oxygenation in mice under immobilization stress conditions].Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia (2008)PMID 11452372Saĭdakhmedova ZT · [Immunomodulating activity of thymogen in acute pancreatitis].Voprosy pitaniia (2001)HumanPMID 10605346Medus AI, Pisarevskaia LI et al. · [The effect of thymogen on the state of immunity in destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].Voenno-meditsinskii zhurnal (2000)HumanPMID 9542399Reznikov KM, Filippova OV et al. · [Use of thymogen in the treatment of various forms of acute abdominal disorders in an experiment].Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental'naia terapiia (1998)PMID 9783100Grechko AT · [The neurotropic activity of peptide immunomodulators].Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia (1998)PMID 9026934Zhuk EA, Galenok VA · [Thymogen in the treatment of type-1 diabetes mellitus].Terapevticheskii arkhiv (1997)HumanPMID 8966869Savenko IV, Tsvetkov EA · [Use of immunomocorrection in the combined treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis in children].Vestnik otorinolaringologii (1996)HumanPMID 8691781Zoloedov VI, Zemskov AM et al. · [Treatment with thymogen and myelopid of patients with bronchial asthma].Klinicheskaia meditsina (1996)HumanPMID 7625021Sukharev VF, Medvedev VG et al. · [Thymogen immunocorrection in the surgical treatment of complicated forms of cholelithiasis].Vestnik khirurgii imeni I. I. Grekova (1995)HumanPMID 8067076Khavinson VKh, Kozhemiakin AL et al. · [The protective effect of peptides from the thymus and tracheal mucosa in an experimental respiratory influenzal infection].Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii (1994)

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